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为什么要买货物运输险？一文读懂货物运输险
日期：2023-09-01 点击数：1470
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<span style="font-size:16px;">对于物流企业来讲，货物在运输途中不可避免会遇到各种各样的风险，若不规避，这些风险会给物流企业和货主带来重大的经济损失。对于物流企业而言，若在途货物因意外发生货损，需向货主赔偿损失。对于货主来说，委托物流企业代收货款，也要承担经济受损的风险。由此，为解决物流企业和货主共同面对的难题，<a href="http://jkkhj2.cn/aqpli" target="_blank">货物运输险</a>“走到了台前”。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">0</span><span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">1</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">货物运输中有哪些风险？</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">1</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">自然灾害风险</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">自然灾害是指由于自然界变异引起破坏力量所造成的现象，如雷电、冰雹、暴风、暴雨、洪水、海啸、地震、地陷、崖崩等，自然灾害是不可控的，发生自然灾害时可能会对运输途中的货物带来风险，比如由于山体滑坡、泥石流、崖崩、地陷等地质灾害，造成运输线路的阻断，产生的运输风险；由于货物遭受雨淋、雪融等灾害从而造成货物水渍损失等，这种类型的风险在运输货物途中，往往难以克服，一旦造成损失，后果不堪设想。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">2</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">意外事故风险</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">意外事故在运输途中也时有发生，比如交通事故，运输工具发生碰撞、倾覆、出轨或隧道坍塌；由于受到震动、碰撞、挤压而造成货物破碎、泄漏；火灾、爆炸事故等等。倘若发生事故的是所运输的货物，造成的货损风险难以估量。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">3</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">装卸事故风险</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">装卸搬运是随运输和保管而产生的必要物流活动，主要包括货物的装车，卸车，货物的进出库等等，使用的装卸机械设备有吊车、叉车、传送带和各种台车等。在这个环节中,因为不断地对货物装上卸下，可能会出现操作人员疏忽，野蛮装卸，以及装卸设备质量问题等原因导致的货物毁损。在物流活动的全过程中，装卸搬运活动是频繁发生的，因而是产品损坏的重要原因之一。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">4</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">运输货物自身风险</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">以上几种仅仅是一些常见的风险，货物运输整个环节不可控的风险多种多样，为了转移货物运输的风险，配置一份货运险，对于物流企业来讲是很明智的做法。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">0</span><span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">2</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">货物运输险保什么？</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">从世界范围来说，货物运输保险起源于海上保险，是最古老的险种之一。货物运输险是以运输途中的货物作为保险标的，保险人对由不可抗力的因素（暴雨、冰雹等自然灾害）和意外事故（装卸事故、交通事故、火灾等导致的货损事故）造成的货物损失负责赔偿责任的保险。货物运输险就是针对流通中的商品而提供的一种货物险保障。开办这种货运险，是为了使运输中的货物在水路、铁路、公路和联合运输过程中，因遭受保险责任范围内的自然灾害或意外事故所造成的损失能够得到经济补偿，并加强货物运输的安全防损工作，以利于商品的生产和商品的流通。</span><span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;"> </span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">货运险的种类很多，按照运输方式可总结如下：</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">按照保险责任分为基本险和综合险：</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">基本险保什么？</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">1.因火灾、爆炸、雷电、冰雹、暴风、暴雨、洪水、地震、海啸、地陷、崖崩、滑坡、泥石流所造成的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">2.由于运输工具发生碰撞、搁浅、触礁、倾覆、沉没、出轨或隧道、码头坍塌所造成的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">3.在装货、卸货或转载时因遭受不属于包装质量不善或装卸人员违反操作规程所造成的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">4.按国家规定或一般惯例应分摊的共同海损的费用；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">5.在发生上述灾害、事故时，因纷乱而造成货物的散失及因施救或保护货物所支付的直接合理的费用。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">综合险保什么？</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">包括基本险责任外，还负责赔偿：</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">1.因受震动、碰撞、挤压而造成货物破碎、弯曲、凹瘪、折断、开裂或包装破裂致使货物散失的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">2.液体货物因受震动、碰撞或挤压致使所用容器（包括封口)损坏而渗漏的损失，或用液体保藏的货物因液体渗漏而造成保藏货物腐烂变质的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">3.遭受盗窃或整件提货不着的损失；</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">4.符合安全运输规定而遭受雨淋所致的损失。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">具体如何选择，在需要根据运输货物的具体情况，再行取舍。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">一般除外责任</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">1.战争或军事行动。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">2.直接由于货物的自然损耗，市价跌落，本质上的缺陷，以及因运输延迟所造成的损失或费用。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">3.被保险人的故意行为或过失。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">4.其他不属于保险责任范围的损失。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">5.非经本公司同意并特别约定，保险货物直接由于破碎渗漏、偷窃、提货不着、短量、串味所造成的损失，本公司不负赔偿责任。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">保险期间</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">货物运输保险属于运程保险，保险责任的起讫时间从货物运离发货人仓库开始，直至运达目的地的收货人仓库或储存地为止，按保险标的实际所需的运输途程为准。</span>
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<img src="https://yixiaoer-img.oss-cn-shanghai.aliyuncs.com/20230901/f1395a16-c745-443a-88ed-6923d3a13aa0.jpg" />
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