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运价反弹！美线运价全线上涨，美西单周涨幅超20%
日期：2023-07-20 点击数：1404
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<span style="font-size:16px;">集运市场进入传统旺季，美国线运价率先反弹，带动上海出口集装箱运价指数（SCFI）止跌回升。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">不同航线因各自的供需基本面不同，走势出现分化。美西航线的每40尺柜运价上涨了26.14％，而美东航线的运价则上涨了12.42％。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">美线运价的飙升使得航空公司和货主面临着更高的运输成本，而他们为了保持利润和稳定的运营，不得不将这一成本转嫁给消费者。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">欧地航线运价持稳，不过多家船公司已公告，8月1日上调FAK费率，预计欧线8月初也将出现上涨趋势，迎来一波冲刺。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">这可能会进一步加剧全球海运市场的紧张局势。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">美线运价反弹</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">据上海航运交易所报告，美东航线总体运力规模有所缩减，前期供需失衡的状况出现明显改善，部分航商的装载率整体回升，部分班次满载。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">美西航线装载率也有所回升，达到90%~95%的水平。上周，多数航商根据市场情况上调了各自运价，市场运价出现一定幅度反弹。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">上海到美西运价1771美元/FEU，上涨367美元，涨幅26.14％；</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">上海到美东运价2662美元/FEU，上涨294美元，涨幅12.42％。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">市场分析人士表示，进入传统旺季后美线货量有所增长，7月货载较5、6月有所增加稍有起色，再加上集运公司持续减舱减班，中小型船舶退出市场，</span><span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">7月中旬集运公司成功调涨运价，</span><span style="font-size:16px;">调升GRI 400-450美元/FEU。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">不过，今年旺季复苏程度如何仍存在不确定性，本轮运价涨幅和持续时间还有待观察。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">欧线跌幅收窄</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">据上海航运交易所报告，欧洲地区经济环境总体未有较大改观，近期部分经济数据环比总体平稳。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">航线供需保持稳定，部分航班的装载率在95%以上，市场运价企稳，与上期基本持平。地中海航线，市场趋势与欧洲航线保持同步，即期市场订舱价格与上期基本持平。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">上海到欧洲运价738美元/TEU，下跌2美元，微跌0.27%；</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">上海到地中海运价每1412美元/TEU，下跌1美元，微跌0.07％。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">业内人士指出，欧洲市场需求低迷，但欧线运价已看到跌幅收敛，7月底或有机会复苏。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">此前，船公司马士基、达飞、赫伯罗特等已发布公告，8月1日上调亚洲至北欧FAK费率。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">每20尺柜涨至1025-1050美元，每40尺柜涨至1900-1950美元，以现货市场运价换算，涨幅分别高达30％、50％，这是欧线今年以来首次调涨，并预告其他航线费率或许也会上调。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">欧美航线运价前景展望</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">美线方面：</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">因为船公司美西航线取消不少航班，本月初的涨价第二周仅回跌1百美元，本月15日再调涨400-450美元，而THE海洋联盟也传出会进一步减班。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">随着加拿大西岸港口码头罢工结束，此轮的涨价能否成功、下周会回跌多少还需要观察。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">此外，船公司8月15日则有每大箱收600美元旺季附加费的计划。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">欧线方面：</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">欧洲通胀严重、经济状况状不好，进入第三季旺季，货量仍在低档盘旋。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">实际货载情况并不好，也还没看到大幅减班，由于涨价时间还没有到，运价表现仍旧低迷。不过，8月初运价调升的难度恐较美线高，能涨多少有待考验。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">不过多家船公司、货代此前表示，目前欧美市场实际货量不多，支撑运价上涨力度有限。</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">运价上涨的应对措施</span>
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<span style="font-weight:bolder;font-size:16px;">海运市场的这一变化对于全球贸易和经济有着重要影响。</span><span style="font-size:16px;">海运是国际贸易的重要组成部分，通过海上运输的商品占据了全球贸易的很大比例。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">因此，运价的上涨将直接影响到各行各业的供应链成本，从而对商品价格和全球经济产生波及。</span>
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<span style="font-size:16px;">对于货主和航运公司来说，他们需要采取有效的措施来应对运价上涨的挑战。一方面，他们可以通过优化供应链和货物组织来降低运输成本。</span>
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<span style="color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.65);font-size:16px;">另一方面，他们也可以与航运公司进行合作，寻求更好的合作模式和价格协商，以减轻运输压力。</span>
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